假如我们只有3台linux虚拟机，主机名分别为hadoop01、hadoop02和hadoop03，在这3台机器上，hadoop集群的部署情况如下：
hadoop01：1个namenode，1个datanode，1个journalnode，1个zkfc，1个resourcemanager，1个nodemanager；hadoop02：1个namenode，1个datanode，1个journalnode，1个zkfc，1个resourcemanager，1个nodemanager；hadoop03：1个datenode，1个journalnode，1个nodemanager；
下面我们来介绍启动hdfs和yarn的一些命令。
1.启动hdfs集群（使用hadoop的批量启动脚本）
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/start-dfs.sh
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/start-dfs.sh Starting namenodes on [hadoop01 hadoop02]hadoop01: starting namenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop01.outhadoop02: starting namenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop02.outhadoop03: starting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop03.outhadoop02: starting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop02.outhadoop01: starting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop01.outStarting journal nodes [hadoop01 hadoop02 hadoop03]hadoop03: starting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop03.outhadoop02: starting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop02.outhadoop01: starting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop01.outStarting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [hadoop01 hadoop02]hadoop01: starting zkfc, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-hadoop01.outhadoop02: starting zkfc, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-hadoop02.out[root@hadoop01 ~]#
从上面的启动日志可以看出，start-dfs.sh这个启动脚本是通过ssh对多个节点的namenode、datanode、journalnode以及zkfc进程进行批量启动的。
2.停止hdfs集群（使用hadoop的批量启动脚本）
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/stop-dfs.sh
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/stop-dfs.sh Stopping namenodes on [hadoop01 hadoop02]hadoop02: stopping namenodehadoop01: stopping namenodehadoop02: stopping datanodehadoop03: stopping datanodehadoop01: stopping datanodeStopping journal nodes [hadoop01 hadoop02 hadoop03]hadoop03: stopping journalnodehadoop02: stopping journalnodehadoop01: stopping journalnodeStopping ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [hadoop01 hadoop02]hadoop01: stopping zkfchadoop02: stopping zkfc[root@hadoop01 ~]#
3.启动单个进程
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenodestarting namenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop01.out
[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenodestarting namenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop02.out
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanodestarting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop01.out
[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanodestarting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop02.out
[root@hadoop03 apps]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanodestarting datanode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop03.out
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnodestarting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop01.out
[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnodestarting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop02.out
[root@hadoop03 apps]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnodestarting journalnode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-hadoop03.out
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfcstarting zkfc, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-hadoop01.out
[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfcstarting zkfc, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-hadoop02.out
分别查看启动后3台虚拟机上的进程情况：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# jps6695 DataNode2002 QuorumPeerMain6879 DFSZKFailoverController7035 Jps6800 JournalNode6580 NameNode[root@hadoop01 ~]#
[root@hadoop02 ~]# jps6360 JournalNode6436 DFSZKFailoverController2130 QuorumPeerMain6541 Jps6255 DataNode6155 NameNode[root@hadoop02 ~]#
[root@hadoop03 apps]# jps5331 Jps5103 DataNode5204 JournalNode2258 QuorumPeerMain[root@hadoop03 apps]#
3.停止单个进程
[root@hadoop01 ~]# jps6695 DataNode2002 QuorumPeerMain8486 Jps6879 DFSZKFailoverController6800 JournalNode6580 NameNode[root@hadoop01 ~]# [root@hadoop01 ~]# [root@hadoop01 ~]# [root@hadoop01 ~]# [root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop zkfcstopping zkfc[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop journalnodestopping journalnode[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanodestopping datanode[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenodestopping namenode[root@hadoop01 ~]# jps2002 QuorumPeerMain8572 Jps[root@hadoop01 ~]#
[root@hadoop02 ~]# jps6360 JournalNode6436 DFSZKFailoverController2130 QuorumPeerMain7378 Jps6255 DataNode6155 NameNode[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop zkfcstopping zkfc[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop journalnodestopping journalnode[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanodestopping datanode[root@hadoop02 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenodestopping namenode[root@hadoop02 ~]# jps7455 Jps2130 QuorumPeerMain[root@hadoop02 ~]#
[root@hadoop03 apps]# jps5103 DataNode5204 JournalNode5774 Jps2258 QuorumPeerMain[root@hadoop03 apps]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop journalnodestopping journalnode[root@hadoop03 apps]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanodestopping datanode[root@hadoop03 apps]# jps5818 Jps2258 QuorumPeerMain[root@hadoop03 apps]#
3.启动yarn集群（使用hadoop的批量启动脚本）
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/start-yarn.sh
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/start-yarn.sh starting yarn daemonsstarting resourcemanager, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-hadoop01.outhadoop03: starting nodemanager, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop03.outhadoop02: starting nodemanager, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop02.outhadoop01: starting nodemanager, logging to /root/apps/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-hadoop01.out[root@hadoop01 ~]#
从上面的启动日志可以看出，start-yarn.sh启动脚本只在本地启动一个ResourceManager进程，而3台机器上的nodemanager都是通过ssh的方式启动的。所以hadoop02机器上的ResourceManager需要我们手动去启动。
4.启动hadoop02上的ResourceManager进程
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
5.停止yarn
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/stop-yarn.sh
[root@hadoop01 ~]# /root/apps/hadoop/sbin/stop-yarn.sh stopping yarn daemonsstopping resourcemanagerhadoop01: stopping nodemanagerhadoop03: stopping nodemanagerhadoop02: stopping nodemanagerno proxyserver to stop[root@hadoop01 ~]#
通过上面的停止日志可以看出，stop-yarn.sh脚本只停止了本地的那个ResourceManager进程，所以hadoop02上的那个resourcemanager我们需要单独去停止。
6.停止hadoop02上的resourcemanager
/root/apps/hadoop/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager
注意：启动和停止单个hdfs相关的进程使用的是"hadoop-daemon.sh"脚本，而启动和停止yarn使用的是"yarn-daemon.sh"脚本。
http://www.cnblogs.com/jun1019/p/6266615.html